India: Nawab Mir Ali Khan of Bengal, seated under a canopy with two servants and a girl with a musical instrument. Bengal, c. 1760

Bengal is a geographical and ethno-linguistic region in the north-eastern part of South Asia, at the apex of the Bay of Bengal and dominated by the fertile Ganges delta. The region was politically divided in the 1947 Partition of Bengal based on religion: predominantly Hindu West Bengal became a province (now a state) of India, while predominantly Muslim East Bengal became a province of Pakistan and later gained independence as Bangladesh.

Some regions of the historical kingdoms of Bengal are now part of the neighbouring Indian states of Assam, Tripura, Bihar, Jharkhand, and Odisha.

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