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Mongolia: Gilded image of the Fifth Dalai Lama (1617-1682). Mongolia, 19th century CE. Photo by Gryffindor (CC BY-SA 3.0 License)

Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso, the Great Fifth Dalai Lama (1617–1682), was a political and religious leader in seventeenth-century Tibet. Ngawang Lozang Gyatso was the ordination name he had received from Panchen Lobsang Chökyi Gyaltsen who was responsible for his ordination.

He was the first Dalai Lama to wield effective political power over central Tibet, and is frequently referred to as the 'Great Fifth Dalai Lama'.