China: Empress Xiaozhen, second Empress Consort of the Xianfeng Emperor (1831-1861).

The Empress Dowager Ci'an (1837 - 8 April 1881), popularly known in China as the East Empress Dowager, officially known posthumously as the Xiaozhen Empress, was the second Empress Consort of the Xianfeng Emperor (1831 - 1861) of the Manchu Qing Dynasty in China, and then Empress Dowager after 1861. Born the Lady Niuhuru, she was the daughter of Muyangga, an official from a powerful Manchu family, the Niuhuru clan. Her mother was Lady Giyang, of the Giyang clan.

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