Uzbekistan: A high-ranking official of the Khanate of Khiva with his retinue, photographed by I. Volzhinsky c. 1896.

The Khanate of Khiva was a Central Asian state that existed in the historical region of Khwarezm from 1511 to 1920, except for a period of Persian occupation by Nadir Shah in 1740–46. Centered in the irrigated plains of the lower Amu Darya, south of the Aral Sea, with the capital in Khiva City, the country was ruled by the Kungrads, a branch of the Astrakhans, themselves a Genghisid dynasty. In 1873, the Khanate became a Russian protectorate. In 1924, the area was formally incorporated into the Soviet Union and today is largely a part of Karakalpakstan and Xorazm Province in Uzbekistan.

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Silk Road